Chemistry and Periodic Table

Define Element: in this post:A chemical element is a pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom distinguished by its atomic number, which is the number of protons in its nucleus. The term is also used to refer to a pure chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons.[1] Common examples of elements are iron, copper, silver, gold, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. In total, 117 elements have been observed as of 2008, of which 94 occur naturally on Earth. 80 elements have stable isotopes, namely all elements with atomic numbers 1 to 82, except elements 43 and 61 (technetium and promethium). Elements with atomic numbers 83 or higher (bismuth and above) are inherently unstable, and undergo radioactive decay. The elements from atomic number 83 to 94 have no stable nuclei, but are nevertheless found in nature, either surviving as remnants of the primordial stellar nucleosynthesis which produced the elements in the solar system, or else produced as short-lived daughter-isotopes through the natural decay of uranium and thorium.[2]

All chemical matter consists of these elements. New elements of higher atomic number are discovered from time to time, as products of artificial nuclear reactions.




DefineAtom:The smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. Also from the Greek meaning "to cut", or the basic unit of matter.( from the astronomy lectures)




This is a diagram of a Atom!!!!!!!!!!!!


Nucleus is the center of the atom and considered the brain of it. In addition it is 99.9 % of the mass of an atom.

Electrons are never found in the nucleus and they travel very fast, they are negatively charged and represented with a minus ( -) sign.

Neutrons are neurally in charge, they have no charge. They are represented with a zero (0 )

Protons are positively charged and are represented with a (+).

Define atomic number and show diagram:The number of protons in an atomic nucleus.


Define mass number and show diagram:

show five elements with there symbol, atomic number and mass number.


Define Matter: and list 8 to 9 properties:The term matter traditionally refers to the substance that bodies are made of. One common way to identify this "substance" is through its properties: for example, matter is anything that has both mass and volume.

Ex.metal is matter
air is matter
water is matter
paper is matter
the earth is made of matter
the sun is made of matter
plants are made of matter
rocks are made of matter
NOT MATTER
heat is not matter, it is energy moving from something with a higher temperature to something with a lower temperature.
light is not matter.
sound is not matter, it is vibrations of molecules in the air.


Define what is a Prefix: A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word.
Define the following:
Hetor-different
Homeo-same
Marco-large
epi-above
cyto-cell
prot-first
exo-outer
sym-together
mult-many


Define what is a suffix:an affix that is added at the end of the word.
logy-stugy
meter-measurement
pahge-eater

What is the melting point: Is the actack temperature an object reaches when it melts.
what is the boiling point:The boiling point of an element or a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid.

NICKEL (Ni):
Nickel is a silver colored metal.Nickel is called a rare element because there is a very long percentage of nickel in the earth's crust. Many scientist believe that there is a very large percent of nickel inside the Earth. Nickel was discoverd by a swedish chemist, in 1751.Nickel is a german word for Santa."SANTA'S COPPER"

Facts about Nickel

• The U.S. five-cent cion called the Nickel is really made of copper.
• An important modern use of Nickel is nickel-cadmium battery.
• Atomic Number: 28
• Symbol: Ni
• Atomic Weight: 58.6934
• Melting Point (K): 1726
• Boiling Point (K): 3005
• Uses: Nickel is used primarily for the alloys it forms. It is used for making stainless steel and many other corrosion resistant alloys. Copper-nickel alloy tubing is used in desalination plants. Nickel is used in coinage and for armor plating. When added to glass, nickel gives a green color. Nickel plating is applied to other metals to provide a protective coating. Finely divided nickel is used as a catalyst for hydrogenating vegetable oils. Nickel is also used in ceramics, magnets, and batteries.

sources:about.com and element book